Artificial intelligence is a concept that touched people from all over the world and from all times. Ancient Greeks and Egyptians represented in their myths and philosophies machines and artificial entities that have qualities similar to those of humans, especially in terms of thinking, reasoning and intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that deals with the study and design of intelligent machines. The term “artificial intelligence”, coined at the conference held in Dartmouth in 1956, comes from John McCarthy, who defined it as the science of creating intelligent machines.
Along with the development of the electronic computers, back in the 1940s, this domain and concept began, known as artificial intelligence and deals with the creation of intelligent machines that resemble humans, more precisely, with characteristics like that of a human, to produce intelligent machines.
The disciplines that artificial intelligence involves are extremely diverse. Fields of knowledge such as mathematics, psychology, philosophy, logic, engineering, social science, cognitive science and computer science are extremely important and closely related are extremely important when it comes to artificial intelligence. All these fields and sciences contribute to the creation of intelligent machines that resemble humans.
The application areas of Artificial Intelligence are extremely diverse such as Robotics, Soft Computing, Learning Systems, Planning, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Logic Programming, Natural Language Processing, Image Recognition, Image Understanding, Computer Vision, Planning, Expert Systems and several others.
The field of artificial intelligence has registered a rapid and spectacular development since 1956, with researchers achieving great success in creating intelligent machines partially capable of doing what humans are capable of.
Clearly, researchers have encountered and continue to encounter numerous problems in simulating human intelligence. An intelligent machine must have a number of characteristics and must correspond to certain standards. For example, humans are able to solve a problem faster by using primarily intuitive judgments rather than conscious judgments.
Another aspect that researchers have analyzed significantly was the knowledge representation, which refers to the knowledge of the world that intelligent machines must have to solve problems such as objects or categories of objects, properties of objects, relations between objects, relations such as those between causes and effects, circumstances, situations, etc.
Another challenge for artificial intelligence researchers is that intelligent machines must be able to plan the problems to be solved, to set a series of goals to be achieved, in order to be able to make choices and predict actions, they must be able to learn, understand the human languages and show emotions and be able to understand and predict the behavior of others.
Artificial intelligence is an extremely challenging and extensive field of knowledge that poses many questions and generates many controversies, but also solves many problems that technology and industry face today and can offer many answers in the future.
